Screen Time and Productivity: An Extension of Goal-setting Theory to Explain Optimum Smartphone Use

Over the past several years, much research has examined the negative consequences that can arise from smartphone use. To help reduce these consequences, companies have developed smartphone applications and features to enable self-monitoring behaviors. However, the mechanisms that have caused smartphone-enabled self-monitoring behaviors to emerge and the positive outcomes that might result from such behaviors have received limited scholarly attention. In this study, we ameliorate this gap by proposing a framework that highlights key antecedents and outcomes of screen- time self-monitoring success based on a smartphone-based self-monitoring intervention. Informed by a short-term longitudinal study, our results show how smartphone-based self-monitoring can enhance awareness of smartphone use and, consequently, lead to positive outcomes for users. Our findings reveal that how users perceive smartphone self- monitoring affordances, their outcome expectations, and their smartphone self-monitoring efficacy positively relate to the extent they engage in smartphone-based self-monitoring behavior. In turn, self-monitoring enhances user productivity and leads to an overall sense of contentment with achievement. Nevertheless, our findings suggest that self-monitoring fatigue negatively moderates these relationships. This study offers novel theoretical and practical insights to encourage users to use smartphones in a more regulated manner. More generally, this study contributes to the literature on self-monitoring and self-regulation in digitally enabled environments

Social Media Addiction: A Systematic Review through Cognitive-Behavior Model of Pathological Use

The proliferation of social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have revolutionized the way people communicate, consume, and share information. As a result, social media addiction, a type of behavioral addiction related to the compulsive use of social media and associated with adverse outcomes, has been discussed by scholars and practitioners alike. Despite the abundance of research published on social media addiction, this literature is fragmented, and there is no synthesis of the drivers and outcomes of this behavior. In this study, we use the cognitive-behavioral model of pathological use and conduct a systematic review of social media addiction literature from 2008-2019. Based on the review of 132 papers, we propose a framework that integrates prior findings. Our review reveals several avenues for future research on this increasingly prominent research topic

Information Technology and Social Loafing:A Qualitative Investigation

While IT-supported teams are increasingly popular, most suffer from an anti-social behavior called social loafing (SL). SL is the tendency to withhold one’s effort when working with others. Past research has examined various determinants and mechanisms of SL but the relationships between IT and SL have remained largely unexplored. Our objectives are to identify the key factors that play a role in SL in IT-supported groups and to investigate how IT can influence SL. Drawing from the literature and on the basis of seven case studies, we identified four categories of factors related to personal, group, organizational and task issues. We will conduct additional cases to advance our theory development on the influence of IT on SL. The implications for research are important since this study provides a better understanding of the determinants of SL and the role IT can play in influencing such behaviors in teams and organizations

Can IT Hurt Productivity? An Investigation of IT Addiction

While IT is generally found to augment productivity, recent evidence indicates that excessive and compulsive usage of IT is likely to have some adverse consequences. Given the prevalence of IT addiction, it becomes increasingly important to study this phenomenon. We seek to investigate the adverse effects of IT addiction, especially on productivity, in work settings. We propose a model showing that two types of factors (related to individual differences and technology features) could have an impact on addictive IT use, which in turn will affect work productivity. A quantitative cross-sectional design will be used to test the model; as needed, survey instruments will be developed and/or validated. Our study will contribute to the IS discipline by proposing a model of IT addiction to identify and explain its significant antecedents and impacts. For managers, the findings will help understanding the formation of addictive IT behaviors and their effects

Personality Predictors of IT Addiction

Prior research on addiction has extensively looked at the personality traits of individuals and their interactions in explaining various types of substance and non-substance addictions. Recent studies have also shown the importance of neuroticism, conscientiousness, and agreeableness on IT addiction. Nevertheless, little is known in IS research regarding the moderated effects of personality traits on the development of IT addiction. Given the increasing attention to the dark side of IT, in this study, we build on Five-Factor personality model to propose a theoretical model that shows the direct and moderated effects of neuroticism, conscientiousness, and agreeableness on addiction to social networking sites (SNS). We empirically test our research model using data collected from 275 SNS users and covariance-based structural equation modeling technique. Furthermore, we shed light on the moderation effects of these factors on SNS addiction via two post-hoc analyses. The implications for theory and practice are discussed

From IT Addiction to Discontinued Use: A Cognitive Dissonance Perspective

One of the main topics discussed within the realm of the dark side of IT is addiction. IT addiction has been found to bring adverse consequences on users’ lives. In order to overcome the difficulties associated with IT addiction, interrupting and quitting addiction has become an important research agenda. Recent research findings have shown that IT addicts do not always feel guilty about their usage, and in many cases, they do not even perceive their usage as problematic. In this study, we draw on cognitive dissonance theory to theorize and propose a model showing that the degree of users’ cognitive dissonance can make a difference in their willingness to quit their IT addiction. We tested the model using data collected from 226 social network sites users. The analysis provided empirical support for our model and shed light on the mediation and moderation effects of cognitive dissonance in this process

A systematic review of the antecedents of knowledge transfer: an actant-object view

Purpose While numerous studies have studied knowledge transfer (KT) and endeavored to address factors influencing KT, little effort has been made to integrate the findings of prior studies. This paper aims to classify the literature on KT through a detailed exploration of different perspectives of KT inter and intra organizations. Design/methodology/approach Using actor–network theory (ANT) as the baseline, we conducted a systematic review of KT research to summarize prior KT studies and classify the influential factors on KT. The review covered 115 empirical articles published between 1987 and 2017. Findings Drawing on the review and ANT guidelines, the authors proposed a conceptual model to categorize KT constitutes into objects including those related to (1) knowledge, (2) knowledge exchange and (3) technology, as well as actants including those related to (4) organization, (5) team/business unit and (6) knowledge sender/receiver. Research limitations/implications Adopting a holistic synthesized approach based on ANT, this research puts forward a valid theoretical foundation on further understanding of KT and its antecedents. Indeed, this paper investigates KT inter and intra organizations to recognize and locate the key antecedents of KT, which is of substantial applicability in today’s knowledge-driven economy. Practical implications The findings advance managers and practitioners’ understanding of the important role of actants and objects and their interplay in KT practices. Originality/value While most studies on KT have a narrow focus, this research contributes to holistic understanding of motivational, behavioral, technological and organizational issues related to KT. It also offers a thorough and context-free literature review on KT, which synthesizes the findings of prior studies on KT

An Investigation of the Process of Information System Habits Development

Compared to numerous studies on IS (Information System) adoption and use, post-adoption has received less attention. In this context, intention and habit have been considered as two competing factors that can explain continued IT use. While IS intention has received significant attention, IS habit and how it forms in users requires further attention. This study reports the results of a qualitative inquiry, focusing on the development of IS habits during post-adoption phase. First, we built upon a review of literature in psychology and IS to provide a conceptualization of IS habit and the factors that could facilitate its development. Using an analytic induction approach, we analyzed rich data collected through interviews and observations to provide process-based view of the development of IS habits through time. A discussion of the preliminary findings and an agenda to develop the research further are discussed in the conclusion section

An Examination of Craving for Social Networks

This paper focuses on technology craving in the context of social network use. Defined as a psychological attachment to a substance/non-substance, craving has been cited as an important concept that may trigger addiction, especially after a period of abstinence. Our motivational model of social network craving sheds light on the key users’ needs (need for reward, need for relief, need to belong and need for self-representation) that enable craving and the structural features of technology (social, manipulation and control, reward and punishment, and presentation features) that moderate the effect of those needs on craving for social networks

Continued Use of Contact-Tracing Apps in the United States and the United Kingdom: Insights From a Comparative Study Through the Lens of the Health Belief Model

BackgroundTo contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2, contact-tracing (CT) mobile apps were developed and deployed to identify and notify individuals who have exposure to the virus. However, the effectiveness of these apps depends not only on their adoption by the general population but also on their continued use in the long term. Limited research has investigated the facilitators of and barriers to the continued use of CT apps. ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to examine factors influencing the continued use intentions of CT apps based on the health belief model. In addition, we investigated the differences between users and nonusers and between the US and UK populations. MethodsWe administered a survey in the United States and the United Kingdom. Respondents included individuals who had previously used CT technologies and those without experience. We used the structural equation modeling technique to validate the proposed research model and hypotheses. ResultsAnalysis of data collected from 362 individuals showed that perceived benefits, self-efficacy, perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, and cues to action positively predicted the continued use intentions of CT apps, while perceived barriers could reduce them. We observed few differences between the US and UK groups; the only exception was the effect of COVID-19 threat susceptibility, which was significant for the UK group but not for the US group. Finally, we found that the only significant difference between users and nonusers was related to perceived barriers, which may not influence nonusers’ continued use intentions but significantly reduce experienced users’ intentions. ConclusionsOur findings have implications for technological design and policy. These insights can potentially help governments, technology companies, and media outlets to create strategies and policies to promote app adoption for new users and sustain continued use for existing users in the long run